Abstract: Trigonometric functions are crucial non-linear operations used in scientific computation and complex machine learning models. However, existing secure computing frameworks either lack ...

This Python package provides a comprehensive list of classical test functions used in the optimization literature. The test functions can used to benchmark the performing of different optimization ...

Abstract: This paper introduces a distributed finite-time optimization approach for convex optimization with time-varying cost function in multi-agent systems under an undirected and connected ...

Mar. 5, 2026 A sweeping new ALMA image has peeled back the veil on the Milky Way’s core, exposing a dense network of cold gas filaments near the central black hole. Stretching across 650 light-years, ...